KBES is the most popular and successful of the AI-based tools, that have been evolved to address problems in planning, diagnosis, classification, monitoring and design. Different knowledge representation schemes such as rules, semantic nets and frames are presented in Chapter 3. Inference mechanisms which drive the knowledge base are also presented with the help of simple engineering examples. The architecture of an expert system shell, developed by the authors, called DEKBASE (Development Environment for Knowledge-Based Systems in Engineering) is presented along with the examples illustrating the use of DEKBASE to develop production rule-based expert systems.The book is aimed at bringing out a comprehensive presentation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) based methodologies and software tools wherein, for the first time, the focus is on addressing a wide spectrum of problems in engineering. Expert system methodology has been applied in the past to a number of problems of planning, design, diagnostics etc. However, the problems of engineering design have not been adequately addressed, since these problems have to be addressed in an integrated manner with knowledge from different domains and sources. Continued research in the last ten years has recently resulted in the emergence of new methodologies which will enable building of automated integrated design systems that will have the ability to handle the entire design process. These methodologies include design synthesis, design critiquing, case-based reasoning etc., leading to concurrent engineering. Details of these methodologies and tools are at present available only in the form of technical papers and reports of research projects that have been carried out in academic and other institutions.
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